Van Eck Sequence Calculator

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About Van Eck Sequence Calculator

A Van Eck sequence calculator: a(0)=0. At step n: if a(n-1) has not appeared before, a(n)=0. Otherwise a(n) = n-1 minus the index of its most recent prior occurrence. Simple rule, chaotic output. Client-side.

Van Eck Sequence Calculator Features

  • Sequence generation
  • Lookback distance
  • New vs seen
  • 0's frequency
  • Pattern analysis
Van Eck's sequence (A181391): start with 0. At each step: if current value is new, write 0. If seen before, write the gap since its last occurrence. Result: 0,0,1,0,2,0,2,2,1,6,0,5,0,2,... Deceptively simple rule, incredibly complex behavior.

How to Use

Enter terms count:

  • Sequence: Generated terms
  • New/Seen: First occurrence?
  • Zeros: How many 0s

The Zeros

Every time a new number first appears, the next term is 0 (it was new). So 0 appears extremely often — conjecture: 0 appears with density 0 but infinitely often. The sequence returns to 0 again and again.

Open Questions

  • Does every positive integer eventually appear?
  • What is the density of 0s?
  • Is there a pattern in the growth rate?
  • All unknown! Despite the simple rule.

Step-by-Step Instructions

  1. 1Enter terms.
  2. 2Generate sequence.
  3. 3Track occurrences.
  4. 4Note zeros.
  5. 5Analyze patterns.

Van Eck Sequence Calculator — Frequently Asked Questions

Does every number eventually appear?+

Unknown! Conjectured yes, but unproven. Computer evidence strongly suggests it. The first appearance of large numbers can take many steps. It's one of the simplest unsolved problems in mathematics.

Why so many zeros?+

Every new number's next step produces 0 (because the new number hasn't appeared before). And 0 itself recurs frequently because it was the starting value. The pattern of 0-positions encodes the sequence's novelty structure.

What makes this interesting?+

The rule is trivially simple (look back for the last occurrence) yet produces behavior that resists all analysis. It exemplifies how simple rules can generate complexity — a theme in chaos theory and complex systems.

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